COVID-19 Bivalent Booster Megastudy
Purpose
This megastudy is a massive randomized controlled trial. By randomizing participants to 10 different intervention conditions simultaneously, the investigators will be able to compare the effectiveness of different interventions to one another and to a control group (in which individuals will only receive the usual communications from their partner organization) to identify which interventions significantly increase vaccination rates. Pharmacy customers will be randomly assigned to receive one of the interventions designed by team scientists to encourage vaccination or to a control group. The baseline intervention will be based on the top-performing SMS intervention identified in the investigators previous megastudies on encouraging vaccination (Milkman et al., 2021b, 2022). Pharmacy customers will receive SMS messages conveying that a COVID booster vaccine is reserved or waiting for them at the pharmacy. Additional behavioral science messaging strategies will be tested by building off of this baseline intervention.
Condition
- COVID-19
Eligibility
- Eligible Ages
- Over 18 Years
- Eligible Genders
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
• Patient of a large retail pharmacy that has opted into receving SMS messages from the pharmacy and has received their primary COVID vaccination series.
Exclusion Criteria
- The patient unsubscribed from texts before the send date and time of the patient's SMS/MMS message - The patient received a bivalent COVID booster before the send date and time of the patient's SMS/MMS message.
Study Design
- Phase
- N/A
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel Assignment
- Intervention Model Description
- Participants will be randomly assigned to the different arms.
- Primary Purpose
- Health Services Research
- Masking
- Double (Care Provider, Outcomes Assessor)
- Masking Description
- As treated participants will receive text messages, there is no scope for blinding. Care providers will not be made aware of subjects' participation in the study, or assigned treatment arms. The study team will only receive data on subjects' assigned arms and outcomes at the end of the study.
Arm Groups
Arm | Description | Assigned Intervention |
---|---|---|
No Intervention Holdout control condition with no message |
Participants will only receive the standard pharmacy messaging. |
|
Experimental Control condition with "waiting for you" message |
This control condition will use the text message that we've found to be the best performing in our last mega-study of vaccine text messages to recommend a COVID vaccination. |
|
Experimental Control condition with "waiting for you" message with a GIF |
This control condition will use the text message that we've found to be the best performing in our last mega-study of vaccine text messages and includes a GIF to recommend a COVID vaccination. |
|
Experimental Planning message recommending same time/location as last vaccination |
This condition will use a text message recommending the same time and location as the participant's last vaccination to get a COVID vaccination. |
|
Experimental Message from local pharmacy team |
This condition will use a text message from the participant's local pharmacist recommending a COVID vaccination. |
|
Experimental Message including link to resources combating misinformation |
This condition will use a text message including a link to to resources combating misinformation and then recommend a COVID vaccination. |
|
Experimental Message including link to resources combating misinformation with a GIF |
This condition will use a text message including a link to to resources combating misinformation and then recommend a COVID vaccination and will include a GIF. |
|
Experimental Message offering free round trip ride to the pharmacy |
This condition will use a text message offering a free round trip ride to the pharmacy to get a COVID vaccination. |
|
Experimental Message communicating latest data on COVID transmission in patient's area |
This condition will use a text message informing the participant of the latest data on COVID transmission in participant's area and recommend a COVID vaccination. |
|
Experimental Message encouraging vaccination in preparation for the holidays |
This condition will use a text message to encourage a COVID vaccination in preparation for the holidays. |
|
Experimental Message conveying the CDC recommends vaccination |
This condition will use a text message to encourage a COVID vaccination by conveying the CDC recommends vaccination. |
|
Recruiting Locations
More Details
- NCT ID
- NCT05607082
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- University of Pennsylvania