2,176 matching studies

Sponsor Condition of Interest
Patient Experiences with the COVID-19 Vaccination After Breast Cancer Treatment
Massachusetts General Hospital Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Covid19
This study aims to elicit patient experiences, choices, and side effects associated with the COVID-19 vaccine after breast cancer surgery. Lymph node swelling is a known and common side effect of both the Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines. This is the body's normal reaction to the vaccine. It is1 expand

This study aims to elicit patient experiences, choices, and side effects associated with the COVID-19 vaccine after breast cancer surgery. Lymph node swelling is a known and common side effect of both the Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines. This is the body's normal reaction to the vaccine. It is worrisome that lymph node swelling after the vaccine mimics that found in breast cancer which has spread to the lymph nodes. This side effect will cause worry and anxiety amongst patients as a result. For patients who have had lymph node removal (axillary lymph node dissection or sentinel lymph node biopsy) and are at risk of lymphedema, the investigators are concerned that the lymph node swelling may tax the lymphatic system and incite lymphedema in those at risk or worsen it in those with BCRL. Fear of lymphedema is high in this population and the investigators need to better understand what risk, if any, lymph node swelling after the COVID-19 vaccine imparts to BCRL risk.

Type: Observational

Start Date: May 2021

open study

Low vs. Moderate to High Dose Vitamin D for Prevention of COVID-19
University of Chicago SARS-CoV-2 Infection
The purpose of this study is to compare the risks of COVID-19 in individuals from Chicagoland communities randomized to low (400 IU/day) vs. moderate (4,000 IU/day) or high (10,000 IU/day) dose vitamin D. expand

The purpose of this study is to compare the risks of COVID-19 in individuals from Chicagoland communities randomized to low (400 IU/day) vs. moderate (4,000 IU/day) or high (10,000 IU/day) dose vitamin D.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Nov 2020

open study

Multiple Dosing of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Patients With ARDS (COVID-19)
Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS (Moderate or Severe) COVID-19 Pneumonia
This is a multi-center, randomized, placebo controlled, interventional phase 2A trial to evaluate the safety profile and potential efficacy of multi-dosing of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) for patients with SARS-CoV-2 associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). After informed consent,1 expand

This is a multi-center, randomized, placebo controlled, interventional phase 2A trial to evaluate the safety profile and potential efficacy of multi-dosing of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) for patients with SARS-CoV-2 associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). After informed consent, treatment assignment will be made by computer-generated randomization to administer either MSC or vehicle placebo control with a 2:1 allocation to the MSC: placebo arm.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2020

open study

Testimonials and Navigation in Rheumatology
University of Alabama at Birmingham Rheumatologic Disease Autoimmune Diseases
The overall goal of this study is to determine whether a novel, multi-modal, patient-directed behavioral intervention initiated in rheumatology clinics is an effective approach to improve uptake of updated COVID-19 vaccine. expand

The overall goal of this study is to determine whether a novel, multi-modal, patient-directed behavioral intervention initiated in rheumatology clinics is an effective approach to improve uptake of updated COVID-19 vaccine.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Dec 2024

open study

A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of a Combined Modified RNA Vaccine1
BioNTech SE Influenza COVID-19
The purpose of this study is to understand the safety and effects of a combined influenza and COVID-19 vaccine. This combined vaccine is compared to separate vaccines for the protection against influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Influenza and COVID-19 are diseases that can spread easily from one person to a1 expand

The purpose of this study is to understand the safety and effects of a combined influenza and COVID-19 vaccine. This combined vaccine is compared to separate vaccines for the protection against influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Influenza and COVID-19 are diseases that can spread easily from one person to another and cause body aches, fever, cough, and other symptoms. Giving both influenza and COVID-19 vaccines together against influenza and SARS-CoV-2 could provide great benefits to both patients and caregivers in terms of simple and easy care. Around 8550 participants will be assigned into 1 of 8 vaccination groups (Group A, B, C, D, E, F, G or H) by chance. Cohort 1: Approximately 450 participants will be assigned by chance to one of the following: - Group A:Influenza and COVID-19 combination A vaccine, given at the same time in one arm and placebo (an injection consisting of just salt water and no medicines in it) in the opposite arm. - Group B: COVID-19 vaccine, given at the same time to one arm and licensed influenza vaccine in the opposite arm. Cohort 2: Approximately 4500 participants will be assigned by chance to one of the following: - Group C: Influenza and COVID-19 combination B vaccine, given at the same time in one arm and placebo in the opposite arm. - Group D: COVID-19 vaccine, given at the same time in one arm and licenced influenza vaccine in the opposite arm. Cohort 3: Approximately 3600 participants will be assigned by chance to one of the following: - Group E: Influenza and COVID-19 combination B vaccine. - Group F: COVID-19 vaccine. - Group G: Licenced influenza vaccine. - Group H: Investigational influenza vaccine. All participants in cohort 1 and cohort 2 will receive 2 injections and participants in cohort 3 will receive 1 injection as per their assigned study group at Visit 1. The participants will be followed for about 6 months. During this time, researchers will assess safety and the body's reaction to the vaccination over approximately 6 months. This will help understand if the study medicine is safe.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Dec 2023

open study

RADx-UP Phase 3D (Oregon Saludable: Juntos Podemos)
University of Oregon Health Behavior Health Care Utilization Vaccine Hesitancy
The ongoing Oregon Saludable: Juntos Podemos (OSJP, Healthy Oregon: Together We Can) project was developed to directly address the COVID-19 related health disparities among Latinx communities through community engagement funded by Phase I and II of the RADx-UP initiative. This project is organized1 expand

The ongoing Oregon Saludable: Juntos Podemos (OSJP, Healthy Oregon: Together We Can) project was developed to directly address the COVID-19 related health disparities among Latinx communities through community engagement funded by Phase I and II of the RADx-UP initiative. This project is organized by the University of Oregon's Oregon Saludable: Juntos Podemos (OSJP) project. In this Phase III study, study investigators build on the successful Phase I and Phase II partnerships with Latinx-serving community-based organizations and the project's established Community Scientific Advisory Board (CSAB) to employ a data-informed approach for implementing preventive interventions designed to advance health equity and ameliorate health disparities among vulnerable populations. Based on identity-stress and stereotype threat models for racial and ethnic minorities, study investigators will further tailor the Promotores de Salud COVID-19 evidence-based health promotion intervention to experimentally evaluate a brief behavioral self-affirming implementation intention (SAII) intervention; an approach that is evidence-based for increasing acceptance of health messaging, increasing intentions to change, increasing health promoting behaviors, and decreasing psychological distress. In collaboration with the Mexican Consulate (MC), research team members will attend the MC mobile events, invite MC attendees to participate in the research study and complete a survey, offer the Promotores de Salud, and SAII intervention to all attendees (if event is assigned to the intervention condition), and distribute rapid tests to participants.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Apr 2023

open study

Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and PASC: Persistent SARS-CoV-2
Stanford University Long COVID Insulin Resistance Insulin Sensitivity
The investigators are studying the pathophysiologic links between obesity, insulin resistance (IR), adipose tissue infection, and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). This study looks at whether adipose (fat) tissue contributes to PASC by driving chronic inflammation or by serving as a reservoir1 expand

The investigators are studying the pathophysiologic links between obesity, insulin resistance (IR), adipose tissue infection, and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). This study looks at whether adipose (fat) tissue contributes to PASC by driving chronic inflammation or by serving as a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 persistence. The results will not only determine whether obesity and IR are risk factors for PASC, but will also define fundamental biology that sets the stage for the investigation of novel or existing therapies that target the causal pathways identified.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jun 2023

open study

Boost Intentions and Facilitate Action to Promote COVID-19 Booster Take-up
University of California, Los Angeles COVID-19 Vaccines
This is a prospective randomized clinical trial evaluating how behaviorally-informed outreach text messages affect the take-up of bivalent COVID-19 booster. The investigators will test the impact of sending text reminders as well as the importance of elevating vaccination intentions, facilitating a1 expand

This is a prospective randomized clinical trial evaluating how behaviorally-informed outreach text messages affect the take-up of bivalent COVID-19 booster. The investigators will test the impact of sending text reminders as well as the importance of elevating vaccination intentions, facilitating action, and their combination.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Oct 2022

open study

Study to Evaluate Safety and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccine in Children 6 Months to < 12 Years
Novavax COVID-19
This is a Phase 2/3 randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, age de-escalation trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of 2 primary doses of SARS-CoV-2 rS with Matrix-M™ adjuvant (NVX-CoV2373) given 21 days apart and NVX CoV2373 or a variant-based vaccine given as a booster dose or1 expand

This is a Phase 2/3 randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, age de-escalation trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of 2 primary doses of SARS-CoV-2 rS with Matrix-M™ adjuvant (NVX-CoV2373) given 21 days apart and NVX CoV2373 or a variant-based vaccine given as a booster dose or at crossover in pediatric participants (3 age cohorts; 6 to < 12 years, 2 to < 6 years, and 6 to < 24 months of age). Each age cohort will be conducted in 2 parts starting with the oldest age cohort (6 to < 12 years of age).

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jul 2022

open study

Pediatric COVID Outcomes Study (PECOS)
Children's National Research Institute Covid19 MIS-C Associated with COVID-19 MIS-C Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children SARS-CoV2 Infection
This is a multisite prospective observational study to evaluate the clinical sequelae of symptomatic and asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the pediatric population, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and multisystem inflammatory syndro1 expand

This is a multisite prospective observational study to evaluate the clinical sequelae of symptomatic and asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the pediatric population, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), and characterize the immune response associated with these clinical presentations. Participants aged 21 years and younger with laboratory confirmed history of symptomatic or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection will visit the study sites for clinical and research evaluations and sample collection at schedules dependent on time since infection. Participants enrolled within 12 weeks after acute infection or positive test will be part of the "recovery group" and will attend study visits at baseline, every 3 months for the first 6 months, and subsequently every 6 months for a total of 3 years. Participants enrolled more than 12 weeks after acute infection or positive test will be in the "convalescent group" and will attend study visits at baseline and subsequently every 6 months for a total of 3 years. Individuals (aged ≤21 years) without a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection or current symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 will serve as a control group and will attend visits for evaluations and sample collection at baseline and every 12 months for a total of 3 years. This protocol will establish a cohort of pediatric patients recovered from SARS CoV-2 infection and a biorepository for evaluation of the potential roles of host genetics, immune response, and other possible factors influencing long-term outcomes. Parents or guardians of participants in all cohorts will also be enrolled for limited participation to complete questionnaires about how the family is impacted by the participant's health and SARS-CoV-2.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Jul 2021

open study

Stellate Ganglion Blockade in Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) Positive Patients
University of Nebraska COVID 19 ARDS
This study will establish the safety and efficacy of using stellate ganglion blocks in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19 disease. expand

This study will establish the safety and efficacy of using stellate ganglion blocks in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19 disease.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Nov 2020

open study

Long Term Outcomes of Patients With COVID-19
University of Chicago Critical Illness Corona Virus Infection Respiratory Failure Covid-19
The investigators hypothesize that those with respiratory failure due to COVID-19 will have different burdens of mental and physical disability than those with respiratory failure who do not have COVID-19. Detecting these potential differences will lay an important foundation for treating long term1 expand

The investigators hypothesize that those with respiratory failure due to COVID-19 will have different burdens of mental and physical disability than those with respiratory failure who do not have COVID-19. Detecting these potential differences will lay an important foundation for treating long term sequelae of respiratory failure in these two cohorts.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Apr 2020

open study

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Counseling Intervention for Pharmacists: A Stepped-Wedge Trial
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill COVID-19
The goal of this clinical trial is to test if virtual facilitation (e.g., video coaching) increases rural pharmacists' ability to implement COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy counseling when compared to a "standard" implementation approach (e.g., training and dissemination of implementation support tools)1 expand

The goal of this clinical trial is to test if virtual facilitation (e.g., video coaching) increases rural pharmacists' ability to implement COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy counseling when compared to a "standard" implementation approach (e.g., training and dissemination of implementation support tools) in rural pharmacies. The main question it aims to answer is if virtual facilitation improves fidelity to a newly developed vaccine hesitancy counseling intervention when compared to standard implementation. All participants will begin in the standard implementation condition, where they will complete a webinar on COVID-19 vaccinations and a 30-minute online training on vaccine hesitancy communication. After standard implementation, they will switch to the virtual facilitation condition where they will be assigned a virtual coach to help them with implementing the intervention. There will be six fidelity observations per each 8-week intervention period to determine whether pharmacists are implementing the intervention as intended. Researchers will compare fidelity between the standard and virtual facilitation conditions.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Aug 2024

open study

Getting INFORMED and Living Well Among Asian Americans in California
University of California, San Francisco COVID-19 Well-Being, Psychological
The project is to facilitate pandemic recovery by promoting emotional wellness among Asian Californians. The intervention includes a 6-week program in which participants may choose to receive text only or text + Lay Health Worker outreach targeting 600 self-identified Asian Americans residing in Ca1 expand

The project is to facilitate pandemic recovery by promoting emotional wellness among Asian Californians. The intervention includes a 6-week program in which participants may choose to receive text only or text + Lay Health Worker outreach targeting 600 self-identified Asian Americans residing in California who speak/read English, Chinese, Korean, Hmong, or Vietnamese.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Mar 2024

open study

REGAIN: RCT of Oxaloacetate for Fatigue in Long COVID
Terra Biological LLC Post-COVID-19 Syndrome Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic
Following acute COVID-19, some patients develop a group of debilitating symptoms that include fatigue, orthostatic intolerance, difficulty with attention and concentration (often called "brain fog"), myalgias and disrupted sleep. The term Long COVID is used to describe these symptoms after the init1 expand

Following acute COVID-19, some patients develop a group of debilitating symptoms that include fatigue, orthostatic intolerance, difficulty with attention and concentration (often called "brain fog"), myalgias and disrupted sleep. The term Long COVID is used to describe these symptoms after the initial viral infection has passed. These symptoms are the same as those that define myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). A "Proof of Concept" trial showed significant fatigue benefit in Long COVID patients. This randomized, placebo controlled follow-on trial will determine whether oxaloacetate can reduce fatigue and improve other symptoms in patients with Long COVID who meet diagnostic criteria for ME/CFS.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jun 2023

open study

PAPR: PAP + MBSR for Front-line Healthcare Provider COVID-19 Related Burnout
University of Utah Depression Burnout, Professional
This project is an open-label randomized study looking at an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) curriculum vs. an 8-week MBSR curriculum + a group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy intervention for frontline healthcare providers struggling with symptoms of depression and burnout assoc1 expand

This project is an open-label randomized study looking at an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) curriculum vs. an 8-week MBSR curriculum + a group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy intervention for frontline healthcare providers struggling with symptoms of depression and burnout associated with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Following consenting and enrollment a total of 24 participants will be randomized to receive either an 8-week MBSR curriculum or the same 8-week MBSR curriculum + a group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy intervention. The group psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy intervention will involve 3 group preparatory sessions (2 hours each), a single 8 hour group psilocybin administration session with a 1:1 therapist to participant ratio (25mg psilocybin dose), and 3 group integration sessions (2 hours each).

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jan 2023

open study

Smartphone Intervention for Overdose and COVID-19
University of Wisconsin, Madison Substance Use Disorders Overdose COVID-19
This study will examine if the use of a smartphone application called Thrive4Life Connect can help people who use drugs lower their risk of overdose and learn more about COVID-19 vaccines. 60 participants will be enrolled and can expect to be on study for up to 6 months. expand

This study will examine if the use of a smartphone application called Thrive4Life Connect can help people who use drugs lower their risk of overdose and learn more about COVID-19 vaccines. 60 participants will be enrolled and can expect to be on study for up to 6 months.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Dec 2022

open study

A Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of TNX-102 SL in Patients With Multi-Site Pain1
Tonix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) Infection COVID-19 Long COVID Long Haul COVID
This is a Phase 2, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 14-week study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TNX-102 SL 5.6 mg (2 x 2.8 mg tablets) taken once daily at bedtime for the management of multi-site pain associated with Long COVID. expand

This is a Phase 2, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 14-week study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TNX-102 SL 5.6 mg (2 x 2.8 mg tablets) taken once daily at bedtime for the management of multi-site pain associated with Long COVID.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Aug 2022

open study

Trusted Messengers: Intervention to Promote COVID-19 Vaccination
University of Massachusetts, Worcester Covid19 Vaccination
The study aims to assess the impact of a multicomponent intervention to support Primary Care Provider (PCP) outreach to promote COVID-19 vaccination among vulnerable patients in and near Worcester, MA via a pragmatic, cluster randomized trial. expand

The study aims to assess the impact of a multicomponent intervention to support Primary Care Provider (PCP) outreach to promote COVID-19 vaccination among vulnerable patients in and near Worcester, MA via a pragmatic, cluster randomized trial.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jun 2022

open study

Phase III DAS181 Lower Tract PIV Infection in Immunocompromised Subjects (Substudy: DAS181 for COVI1
Ansun Biopharma, Inc. Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Parainfluenza Immunocompromised COVID-19
This study will seek to enroll immunocompromised patients with Lower Tract parainfluenza infection. It also contains a sub-study to enroll patients with severe COVID-19. expand

This study will seek to enroll immunocompromised patients with Lower Tract parainfluenza infection. It also contains a sub-study to enroll patients with severe COVID-19.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: May 2019

open study

Symptom Tracking in Long COVID Patients Using Formula C™ Sublingual Drops
Endourage, LLC Long COVID Long Covid19 Post-Acute COVID-19 Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome Long Haul COVID
This is a digital symptom tracking study of Formula C™, a full cannabis flower formulation, rich in cannabinoids and terpenes, that has been shown to improve symptoms in people with Long COVID. Participants 21 and older will take Formula C™ for 90 days. During that time, participants will answer we1 expand

This is a digital symptom tracking study of Formula C™, a full cannabis flower formulation, rich in cannabinoids and terpenes, that has been shown to improve symptoms in people with Long COVID. Participants 21 and older will take Formula C™ for 90 days. During that time, participants will answer weekly surveys to track symptoms and wellbeing.

Type: Observational

Start Date: Dec 2023

open study

The Role of Glutathione Deficiency and MSIDS Variables in Long COVID-19
University of California, Irvine COVID-19
The purpose of this research study is to assess if glutathione, along with NAC (N-acetyl cysteine) and Alpha lipoic acid (ALA), can help reverse some of the COVID long-haul symptoms.Subjects will be randomized in to one of two groups. Depending on the group they are randomized in to, subjects will1 expand

The purpose of this research study is to assess if glutathione, along with NAC (N-acetyl cysteine) and Alpha lipoic acid (ALA), can help reverse some of the COVID long-haul symptoms.Subjects will be randomized in to one of two groups. Depending on the group they are randomized in to, subjects will be taking either a combination of NAC, Alamax CR, and liposomal GSH or the same three nutritional supplements with a multivitamin and magnesium. Regardless of the group, subjects will be asked questions to assess their COVID symptoms, physical and mental health status. They will also be asked to take blood samples.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Jun 2025

open study

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for COVID-19 and Viral Pneumonias
Medical University of South Carolina COVID-19 Pneumonia Viral Pneumonia
This is an open-label phase 1 clinical trial of allogeneic umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 or other viral pneumonias. Hospitalized individuals who are within 7 days of the onset of a viral pneumonia will be given 2 doses of MSCs at1 expand

This is an open-label phase 1 clinical trial of allogeneic umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 or other viral pneumonias. Hospitalized individuals who are within 7 days of the onset of a viral pneumonia will be given 2 doses of MSCs at days 1 and 3 after consent. The safety of intravenous infusion will be tested and course of the oxygen response to treatment over 90 days will be evaluated.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Oct 2024

open study

SARS-COV-2 Screening in Dialysis Facilities
Stanford University End-stage Renal Disease SARS-CoV-2 Acute Respiratory Disease Dialysis; Complications
Patients receiving dialysis are one of the highest risk groups for serious illness with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition to the inherent risks of travel to and dialysis within indoor facilities, patients receiving dialysis are more likely to be older, non-white, from disadvantaged backgrounds, and1 expand

Patients receiving dialysis are one of the highest risk groups for serious illness with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition to the inherent risks of travel to and dialysis within indoor facilities, patients receiving dialysis are more likely to be older, non-white, from disadvantaged backgrounds, and have impaired immune responses to viral infections and vaccinations. Universal testing offered at hemodialysis facilities could shield this vulnerable population from exposure, enable early identification and treatment for those affected, and reduce transmission to other patients and family members. In this pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial as part of NIH RADx-UP Consortium, we will randomize 62 US Renal Care facilities with an estimated 2480 patients to static versus dynamic universal screening testing strategies. Static universal screening will involve offering patients SARS-CoV-2 screening tests every two weeks; the dynamic universal screening strategy will vary the frequency of testing from once every week to once every four weeks, depending on community COVID-19 case rates. We hypothesize that patients dialyzing at facilities randomized to a dynamic testing frequency responsive to community case rates will have higher test acceptability (primary outcome), experience lower rates of COVID-19 death and hospitalization, and report better experience-of-care metrics.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Feb 2023

open study

Exercise in Adults with Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection Study
Baylor Research Institute COVID-19
To examine the efficacy of an 8-week exercise training program on functional, cognitive, and emotional health outcomes compared to a no treatment control condition in adults with PASC. expand

To examine the efficacy of an 8-week exercise training program on functional, cognitive, and emotional health outcomes compared to a no treatment control condition in adults with PASC.

Type: Interventional

Start Date: Apr 2022

open study